Amantril capsule: Each capsule contains Amantadine Hydrochloride USP 100 mg.
Amantril is the preparation of Amantadine Hydrochloride which has direct and indirect effects on dopamine neurons. The mechanism by which Amantadine exerts its antiviral activity is not clearly understood. It appears to mainly prevent the release of infectious viral nucleic acid into the host cell by interfering with the function of the transmembrane domain of the viral M2 protein. In certain cases, Amantadine also prevents virus assembly during virus replication. It does not appear to interfere with the immunogenicity of inactivated influenza A virus vaccine.
Route: Oral
Parkinson's disease:
Influenza A:
Renal impairment:
Hepatic impairment:
Use with caution.
Anticholinergic agents potentiate central and peripheral atropine-like adverse effects (confusion, hallucinations, dry mouth); CNS stimulants and dopamine agonists enhance neuropsychiatric toxicity; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole decreases amantadine urinary clearance causing toxic blood levels.
Amantadine is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to amantadine or to components of this product.
Common: Nausea, dizziness, lightheadedness, insomnia. Less Common: Edema of ankles, livedo reticularis, anxiety, elevation of mood, headache, lethargy, hallucinations, ataxia, slurred speech, blurred vision, loss of concentration, depression, myalgia, palpitations, orthostatic hypotension, dry mouth, anorexia, constipation, diaphoresis.
Overdose
Deaths have been reported from overdose with amantadine hydrochloride. The lowest reported acute lethal dose was 1 gram. Because some patients have attempted suicide by overdosing with amantadine, prescriptions should be written for the smallest quantity consistent with good patient management. Drug overdose has resulted in cardiac, respiratory, renal or central nervous system toxicity. There is no specific antidote for an overdose of amantadine hydrochloride. However, slowly administered intravenous physostigmine in 1 and 2 mg doses in an adult at 1 to 2 hour intervals and 0.5 mg doses in a child at 5 to 10 minute intervals up to a maximum of 2 mg/hour have been reported to be effective in the control of central nervous system toxicity. For acute overdosing, general supportive measures should be taken and vitals should be monitored.
Category C. Teratogenic in animal studies; use during pregnancy only if potential benefits outweigh risks to fetus. Lactation: Excreted into breast milk in low concentrations; discontinue nursing or discontinue drug.
Store below 25°C in a cool, dry place. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.